DNA Replication
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics.
Scientist Discovering the Role of DNA
Griffith
Active in 1920's, identifies bacterial transformation, discovered that a mystery element is being passed through.
Avery
Active in 1950, determines that the mystery element is a nucleic acid.
Hershey and Chase
Used radioactive material to label DNA and protein; infected bacteria passed on DNA; helped prove that DNA is genetic material not a protein coat.
Chargaff
Stuides bases of DNA molecule, determines that there is an equal percentage of Adenine to Thymine, and Cytosine to Guanine.
Franklin
Active in the 1950's, uses x-ray defraction to show X-pattern --> suggests DNA is coiled.
Watson and Crick
discovered structure of DNA molecule, two chains wrapped around an axis, "twisted ladder" double helix.
Steps in DNA replication
1. Helicase unwinds double helix and breaks hydrogen bonds.
2. Helicase unzips DNA strand.
3. Rebuild:DNA Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to template strand.
4. Bonding and proof reading: DNA polymerase proofreads sequence, nucleotides hook together.
5. Recoil: hydrogen bonds form, and helicase recoils helix
2. Helicase unzips DNA strand.
3. Rebuild:DNA Polymerase adds complementary nucleotides to template strand.
4. Bonding and proof reading: DNA polymerase proofreads sequence, nucleotides hook together.
5. Recoil: hydrogen bonds form, and helicase recoils helix